Self‐Sensing Robotic Structures from Architectured Particle Assemblies

The tight coupling of shape transformation, stiffness tuning, and self-sensing that biological organisms exhibit has long served as inspiration for next-generation soft robots. However, most current robots rely on intrinsically materials actuation, separately embedded sensors sensing, have fixed once fabricated. Large gaps remain between these where multifunctionality is realized within an integrated body. Herein, a new class robotic structures from architectured particle assemblies introduced. They combine three functions: changing, variation, into one monolithic structure. Unlike traditional entirely robots, the design utilizes geometric contacts stiff, particles under confining pressure to achieve functions. applications by designing smart architectures grippers are demonstrated. provides paradigm multifunctional structures, with potential multiscale in adaptive devices, reconfigurable architectures.